Why sleeve a cylinder

Diesel engines are more commonly sleeved than gasoline, but there are reasons to sleeve gas engines as well. High performance diesel engines can produce substantial pressure inside of the bore, so much that damage to cylinders is fairly common. Sleeves intended for high-performance applications can greatly protect the engine from these extreme pressures.

Cylinder sleeves or cylinder liners are often divided into two types: Dry Sleeves and Wet Sleeves. Most aluminum OEM automotive engine blocks use dry, gray iron cylinder sleeves in their engines.

A dry sleeve is either cast into or press fit into the bore of the block. The aluminum bore transfers heat from the sleeve to the coolant contacting the bore.

Aluminum blocks have more thermal expansion than cast iron blocks, so they generally require more interference fit to keep the sleeves from moving. So how much interference do you need? Answers will vary depending on whom you ask.

Different sleeve suppliers gave us different recommendations. One said most aluminum blocks typically need about. If the block can accept a flanged sleeve, then you may not need any interference at all. Another said. Bore distortion is bad because it prevents the hole from being round when you hone it. This prevents good ring sealing and allow blowby and compression losses; neither of which are good for emissions or performance.

One supplier said they have changed their thinking about interference fit altogether on some aluminum engine applications. The sleeves can be installed with minimal interference. A sealer such as Loctite is applied to the bottom third of the cylinder to keep it in place and to prevent oil from migrating up between the bottom end of the sleeve and the block. Anything that gets between the sleeve and block be it oil, carbon deposits or even air can interfere with good heat transfer.

With water-cooled cast iron blocks, the general recommendation for installing dry flangless sleeves is to use about.

One tip for make sleeve installation easier while improving heat transfer is to lightly hone the cylinder with grit stones after it has been bored out to accept the sleeve. A smoother finish inside the bore will improve metal-to-metal contact between the sleeve and block when the sleeve is slid into place. On some air-cooled small displacement engines motorcycle and small engines, for example , more interference fit may be required because the cylinders run at higher temperatures.

We have heard of engine builders using as much as. Something else to keep in mind is that if you are sleeving only one damaged cylinder in a block to repair it, the sleeve may distort the adjacent cylinders somewhat — especially if you use a lot of interference fit. The result may be ring sealing problems, compression losses and blowby in the adjacent cylinders. Using torque plates when boring and honing the block is one way to minimize or correct cylinder bore distortion. In fact, torque plates may be required on many thin wall blocks sleeved or not to achieve a really good bore finish that is round and straight.

Install the torque plate and head gasket on the block, and then tighten the head bolts to specifications before honing. Measuring Interference To accurately determine the amount of interference, you need two dimensions: the average outside diameter OD of the sleeves, and the average inside diameter ID of the bores in the block. To measure these dimensions you need an accurate OD micrometer and ID micrometer or bore gauge. Measure the sleeve at the top, middle and bottom.

Write down the numbers. Then rotate the sleeve 90 degrees and measure again. Average together all of these numbers to calculate the average OD of the sleeve. Next, do the same thing for the bore. Company Information. Message from Top Management. Corporate Philosophy. Company Outline. Domestic Locations. Domestic Affiliated Companies. Overseas Locations. Mid Term Management Plan. Financial Highlights. Shares Information.

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